B.COM (P) SEM-3 BUSINESS STATISTICS ( BEGINNER BATCH ) (NEP) 2025 BS

👍𝐍𝐎 𝐑𝐄𝐅𝐔𝐍𝐃 𝐏𝐎𝐋𝐈𝐂𝐘

𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐭 𝟏: Descriptive Statistics
1.1 Measures of Central Tendency 

(a) Concept and properties of mathematical averages, including arithmetic mean, geometric mean and harmonic mean.

(b) Positional Averages including Mode and (and other partition values - quartiles, +deciles, and percentiles) with graphic presentation.

1.2 Measures of Dispersion: absolute and relative.
Range, quartile deviation, mean deviation, standard deviation, and their coefficients; Properties of standard deviation/variance.

1.3 Moments: Calculation and significance; Skewness: Meaning and Measurement (Karl Pearson and Bowley's measures); Kurtosis.

𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐭 𝟐: Probability and Probability Distributions

2.1 Theory and approaches of probability. 
2.2 Probability Theorems: Addition and Multiplication (Proof not required).
2.3 Conditional probability and Bayes' Theorem (Proof not required). 
2.4 Expectation and variance of a random variable. Business Applications.
 2.5 Probability distributions:

(a) Binomial distribution: Probability distribution function, Constants, Shape, Fitting of binomial distribution.
(b) Poisson distribution: Probability function (including Poisson approximation to binomial distribution), Constants, Fitting of Poisson distribution.
(c) Normal distribution: Properties of Normal curve and computation of Probabilities.

𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐭 𝟑: Simple Correlation and Regression Analysis

3.1 Correlation Analysis: Meaning and types of Correlation; Correlation Vs Causation; Pearson's co-efficient of correlation: computation and properties (proofs not required). Probable and standard errors; Rank correlation.

3.2 Regression Analysis: Principle of least squares and regression lines; Regression equations and estimation; Properties of regression coefficients; Relationships between Correlation and Regression coefficients; Standard Error of Estimate.

𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐭 𝟒: Index Numbers

4.1 Meaning and uses of index numbers; Construction of Index numbers: fixed and chain base, univariate and composite; Methods of constructing Index numbers: Aggregatives and average of relatives - simple and weighted.

4.2 Tests of adequacy of index numbers; Base shifting, splicing and deflating; Problems in the constructions of index numbers.

4.3 Construction and Utility of Consumer Price Indices; BSE SENSEX and NSE NIFTY.

𝐔𝐧𝐢𝐭 𝟓: Time Series Analysis

5.1 Time Series Data; Components of time series; Additive and Multiplicative models. 
5.2 Trend analysis; Fitting of trend line using principle of least squares - linear, second degree parabola and exponential; Shifting of Origin and Conversion of annual linear trend equation to quarterly/monthly basis and vice-versa; Moving averages.

5.3 Seasonal variations- Calculation of Seasonal Indices using Simple averages, Ratio-to-trend and Ratio-to-moving averages methods; Uses of Seasonal Indices.